importlib.resources – Resources

Source code: Lib/importlib/resources.py

New in version 3.7.

This module leverages Python’s import system to provide access to resources within packages. If you can import a package, you can access resources within that package. Resources can be opened or read, in either binary or text mode.

Resources are roughly akin to files inside directories, though it’s important to keep in mind that this is just a metaphor. Resources and packages do not have to exist as physical files and directories on the file system.

Note

This module provides functionality similar to pkg_resources Basic Resource Access without the performance overhead of that package. This makes reading resources included in packages easier, with more stable and consistent semantics.

The standalone backport of this module provides more information on using importlib.resources and migrating from pkg_resources to importlib.resources and migrating legacy usage.

Loaders that wish to support resource reading should implement a get_resource_reader(fullname) method as specified by importlib.abc.ResourceReader.

The following types are defined.

importlib.resources.Package

The Package type is defined as Union[str, ModuleType]. This means that where the function describes accepting a Package, you can pass in either a string or a module. Module objects must have a resolvable __spec__.submodule_search_locations that is not None.

importlib.resources.Resource

This type describes the resource names passed into the various functions in this package. This is defined as Union[str, os.PathLike].

The following functions are available.

importlib.resources.files(package)

Returns an importlib.resources.abc.Traversable object representing the resource container for the package (think directory) and its resources (think files). A Traversable may contain other containers (think subdirectories).

package is either a name or a module object which conforms to the Package requirements.

New in version 3.9.

importlib.resources.as_file(traversable)

Given a importlib.resources.abc.Traversable object representing a file, typically from importlib.resources.files(), return a context manager for use in a with statement. The context manager provides a pathlib.Path object.

Exiting the context manager cleans up any temporary file created when the resource was extracted from e.g. a zip file.

Use as_file when the Traversable methods (read_text, etc) are insufficient and an actual file on the file system is required.

New in version 3.9.

importlib.resources.open_binary(package, resource)

Open for binary reading the resource within package.

package is either a name or a module object which conforms to the Package requirements. resource is the name of the resource to open within package; it may not contain path separators and it may not have sub-resources (i.e. it cannot be a directory). This function returns a typing.BinaryIO instance, a binary I/O stream open for reading.

Deprecated since version 3.11.

importlib.resources.open_text(package, resource, encoding='utf-8', errors='strict')

Open for text reading the resource within package. By default, the resource is opened for reading as UTF-8.

package is either a name or a module object which conforms to the Package requirements. resource is the name of the resource to open within package; it may not contain path separators and it may not have sub-resources (i.e. it cannot be a directory). encoding and errors have the same meaning as with built-in open().

This function returns a typing.TextIO instance, a text I/O stream open for reading.

Deprecated since version 3.11.

importlib.resources.read_binary(package, resource)

Read and return the contents of the resource within package as bytes.

package is either a name or a module object which conforms to the Package requirements. resource is the name of the resource to open within package; it may not contain path separators and it may not have sub-resources (i.e. it cannot be a directory). This function returns the contents of the resource as bytes.

Deprecated since version 3.11.

importlib.resources.read_text(package, resource, encoding='utf-8', errors='strict')

Read and return the contents of resource within package as a str. By default, the contents are read as strict UTF-8.

package is either a name or a module object which conforms to the Package requirements. resource is the name of the resource to open within package; it may not contain path separators and it may not have sub-resources (i.e. it cannot be a directory). encoding and errors have the same meaning as with built-in open(). This function returns the contents of the resource as str.

Deprecated since version 3.11.

importlib.resources.path(package, resource)

Return the path to the resource as an actual file system path. This function returns a context manager for use in a with statement. The context manager provides a pathlib.Path object.

Exiting the context manager cleans up any temporary file created when the resource needs to be extracted from e.g. a zip file.

package is either a name or a module object which conforms to the Package requirements. resource is the name of the resource to open within package; it may not contain path separators and it may not have sub-resources (i.e. it cannot be a directory).

Deprecated since version 3.11.

importlib.resources.is_resource(package, name)

Return True if there is a resource named name in the package, otherwise False. Remember that directories are not resources! package is either a name or a module object which conforms to the Package requirements.

Deprecated since version 3.11.

importlib.resources.contents(package)

Return an iterable over the named items within the package. The iterable returns str resources (e.g. files) and non-resources (e.g. directories). The iterable does not recurse into subdirectories.

package is either a name or a module object which conforms to the Package requirements.

Deprecated since version 3.11.